The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, passed by Congress on September 18, 1850, was part of the 1850 Compromise. Even if they were in a free state, slaves had to be returned to their owners under the act.
The act also assigned the federal government the responsibility of locating, returning, and prosecuting escaped slaves.In 1850, Congress passed a revised Fugitive Slave Act in response to increased pressure from Southern politicians. This new law, part of Henry Clay's famed Compromise of 1850—a group of bills that helped quell early calls for Southern secession—forced citizens to assist in the capture of runaways. The Fugitive Slave Act was amended as part of the 1850 Compromise, and the slave trade in Washington, D.C. was abolished.
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