Which term describes a mutation where a chromosome breaks, and its genetic material is reinserted in a different orientation?.

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21-10-2022
Biology

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Which term describes a mutation where a chromosome breaks, and its genetic material is reinserted in a different orientation?.

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Chromosomal Inversions: An inversion occurs when a chromosome breaks in two places; the resulting piece of DNA is reversed and re-inserted into the chromosome. Genetic material may or may not be lost as a result of chromosome breaks.

Inversion happens when a part of the chromosome breaks off, turn around, and becomes reaffixed. So, the order of the genes becomes reversed from what it was. While most cases of inversions go unnoticed and cause no gains or losses of DNA, they can lead to infertility or phenotypic reverberation.

An inversion can disrupt a gene, either by truncating the coding region of the gene or by placing its regulatory region far from the gene itself.

There are two kinds of Inversion mutation:

Pericentric Inversions- It happens when the centromere is included in the break. In other words, the break happens in the centre of the chromosome.

Paracentric Inversions- These occur when a chromosome breaks in one of its arms. In other words, the centromere is not incorporated.

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