ed 78 Vocab Check Unit 7 As knowledge in the structure and lunchion of nuclere aids increased, so did the applications of DNA technology. The most we heard of applications are in the field of forensics, In the mid-1980, scientists leamed how to create and compare DNA fingerprints by running a • Police can use these in many ways, from inding suspects and missing persons to establishing paternity or maternity. Each person has a unique DNA fingerprint and the DNA fragments can be matched to establish identity or relatedness, as the more similar the bands, the more related two organisms are, To create a DNA fingerprint, DNA first must be cut using The DNA fragments are run through a gel with the assistance of electricity and the fragments separate by size, the smallest fragments run further and faster than large ones. In 1990, scientist set a mission to map the entire human and find the location of each of the human genes. This project, was completed in 2003 and led to many great new advances and opened the door to gene editing. Now that scientists know the location of each gene, the most current research is being done on trying to replace a person's faulty genes with a repaired gene so that they can create the correct proteins and cure genetic disorders. This process, called _ may ultimately correct the insulin producing gene in people with diabetes and allow diabetes to be a disease of the past. Scientists are able to use gene editing to create medicines for people who are unable to make specific proteins, such as insulin by "hijacking" the DNA of a bacteria and inserting human DNA. To make human proteins for medicine in a lab, scientists begin with the DNA of a bacteria, called a - Using restriction enzymes, scientists can remove the bacteria DNA and isolate a human desired gene. Second they would insert the DNA (instructions to make a desired protein) inside the bacteria DNA, creating a (6) The newly created DNA is then inserted into a new bacteria, making the new bacteria a (7) with the ability to make the desir