Yesterday, December 7, 1941-a date which will live in infamy-the United States of America was suddenly and
deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.
The United States was at peace with that Nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its
Government and its Emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific. Indeed, one hour after Japanese air
squadrons had commenced bombing in the American Island of Oahu, the Japanese Ambassador to the United States and
his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message. And while this reply
stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or of
armed attack.
It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many
days or even weeks ago. During the intervening time the Japanese Government has deliberately sought to deceive the
United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace."
At the end of this speech, Roosevelt declares war on Japan. What does he use to justify this decision?
A. Ethos
B. Logos
C. None of these
D. Pathos