Answer :
The Japanese sea monster known as Umibozu is a specter commonly depicted with a bald head and a large, wide body. So option a, Souls of drowned Buddhist monks is correct.
It is thought to have originated from the souls of drowned Buddhist monks that were caught in a storm while crossing the sea. The legend of the Umibozu dates back to the Edo period in Japan, when it was believed that the spirit of a drowned monk would return as a vengeful sea monster. The spirit would appear to passing ships and demand a toll, either a human sacrifice or a payment of money. If the vessel's crew refused, the monster would cause a violent storm that would sink the ship.
The Umibozu was believed to be the product of a particularly gruesome ritual that was performed by Buddhist monks in the 12th century. The ritual involved the monks throwing themselves into the sea as an act of self-sacrifice, believing that their souls would be purified and reborn in the afterlife. While this ritual was meant to be a sacred act, it was thought that some of the souls of the drowned monks became corrupted and returned as the Umibozu.
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a.Souls of drowned Buddhist monks
b.Souls of dead infants
c. Underground volcanoes
d. Whirlpools