There is no error, the calculation of Dwight is correct.
Standard Deviation:
Standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or spread in a set of values. A low standard deviation indicates that the values tend to be closer to the mean (also called mean) of the set, while a high standard deviation indicates that the values are more spread out.
According to the Question:
Given that mean {x} = 2
x = 2.
[tex]x_i[/tex] from i = 1 to 4 is x₁ = 1 , x₂ = 2, x₃ = 1 and x₄ = 4.
Since each deviation is the difference between each data point (1, 2, 1, 4) and 2
So ,[tex](x_i - X)^2 = (1 - 1)^2 + (2 - 2)^2 + (1 - 2)^2 + (4 - 2)^2[/tex]
This is divided by N -1 = 4 - 1 = 3
Therefore,
There is no error in Dwight's standard deviation formula.
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