On August 23, 1921, the British installed the Hashemite monarch of Iraq, Faisal I, who had been expelled from Syria by the French, as their client king in accordance with their "Sharifian Solution" strategy. Similarly, Sunni Arab elites from the region were chosen by British authorities for nominations to positions in government and ministries.
Iraq was divided into three provinces during the Ottoman Empire: Mosul, Baghdad, and Basra. These provinces were known as vilayets in the Ottoman language. Following the region's designation as a League of Nations mission, which was overseen by the British and given the name "State of Iraq," these three provinces were united into one kingdom by the British. In October 1920, Britain appointed Sir Percy Cox as the next Civil Commissioner in place of Arnold Wilson. Cox put down a rebellion, but he was also in charge of carrying out the disastrous strategy of tight cooperation with Iraq's Sunni minority. This led to the Shia-Sunni divide of Iraq.
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