Answer :
An interaction occurs when the effect of one factor (such as factor A) depends on the level of another factor (such as factor B). This means that the effect of factor A is not constant across all levels of factor B, and vice versa.
For example, consider a study examining the effects of a new drug on blood pressure in two different age groups: younger adults (age 18-35) and older adults (age 60 and above). The study also includes a placebo group. The researchers found that the new drug has a significantly larger effect on reducing blood pressure in older adults compared to younger adults and that the placebo has no effect on blood pressure in either age group.
In this case, there is an interaction between the factors of age and the new drug, because the effect of the drug on blood pressure depends on the age of the participants. It would not be appropriate to interpret the individual effects of the drug or age, because the relationship between these two factors is complex and cannot be accurately captured by examining the effects of each factor in isolation.
To properly understand the relationship between the two factors, it is necessary to examine the interaction between them. This may involve conducting further statistical analyses or creating plots to visualize the data. It is important to consider the interaction when interpreting the results of the study, as it can provide important insights into the underlying mechanisms and help inform decisions about treatment or interventions.
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