Answer :
None of the statements you have provided are true about block design.
Here is an explanation of each statement:
i. The random assignment of units to treatments in a block design is not necessarily accomplished in groups. In a block design, units are randomly assigned to treatments within blocks, where a block is a group of units that are similar in some relevant way. For example, if you are conducting an experiment to compare the effectiveness of different fertilizers on plant growth, you might create blocks based on soil type, since different soil types may have different levels of nutrients that could affect plant growth. Within each block, you would then randomly assign the units (plants) to different fertilizers.
ii. Matched pairs is not a type of block design. Matched pairs is a type of experimental design in which pairs of units are matched on some relevant characteristic (e.g., age, gender, weight, etc.), and one member of each pair is randomly assigned to the experimental treatment while the other is assigned to the control.
iii. The purpose of blocking is not to increase variation in results. The purpose of blocking is to control for variables that could affect the outcome of the experiment. By grouping units that are similar in some way, you can reduce the influence of these variables on the results of the experiment. For example, if you are comparing the effectiveness of different fertilizers on plant growth and you have blocks based on soil type, you can be more confident that any differences in plant growth are due to the fertilizers and not to differences in soil type.
Thus, None of the statements you have provided are true about block design.
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