The three types of cones in the retina are differentiated from one another by the feature of the absorption peak of their photopsin.
Photopsin is a photoreceptor protein found in the cones of the retina, whereas iodopsin is a photoreceptor protein called in the cone cells of the retina, which is the basis of color vision.
Cones, like rods, have visual pigments that are a mixture of retinal and opsins. Cone opsins are known as photopsins. Cones, unlike rods, are classified into three types, each sensitive to a distinct wavelength range and trying to reflect the special characteristics of photopsin to which the retinal is bonded.
The rods detect differences in the brightness of an object in dim light such as moonlight, while the cones, which contain photopsins, differentiate the colors of an object in bright light such as sunlight.
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