Write out the chemical equation and equilibrium constant expression (Law of Mass Action) for the acetic acid / acetate ion buffer system. Derive the Henderson-Hasselbach equation for this system.



Answer :

The chemical equation for the acetic acid / acetate ion buffer system is CH3COOH -> CH3C00- + H+.

The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation establishes a connection between an acid's pKa and pH in aqueous solutions. When the concentration of the acid and its conjugate base, or the base and the corresponding conjugate acid, are known, the pH of a buffer solution can be determined with the use of this equation. The formula is: pH = pKa + log10 ([A-]/[HA]). In this equation, [A-] stands for the molar concentration of the conjugate base (of the acid), and [HA] for the weak acid.

Given acetic acid CH3COOH the Henderson-Hasselbach equation is:

CH3COOH -> CH3COO- + H+

Ka = ([CH3COO–]x[H+])/[CH3COOH]

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