how do we determine the milky way's mass outside the sun's orbit?

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19-12-2022
Physics

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how do we determine the milky way's mass outside the sun's orbit?

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jaiswalsaurabh45609 jaiswalsaurabh45609 · Answer 1 · 2022-12-24T03:11:43-05:00

We can determine the Milky way's mass outside the sun's orbit by measuring the orbital velocities of stars and interstellar matter.

The weight (or the mass) of a planet is determined by its gravitational effect on other bodies. Newton's Law of Gravitation states that every bit of matter in the universe attracts every other with a gravitational force that is proportional to its mass. The Sun revolves completely around the galactic center in about 225 million years (a galactic year). The mass of the Galaxy can be determined by measuring the orbital velocities of stars and interstellar matter. The mass of Earth is measured indirectly by determining other quantities such as Earth's density, gravity, or gravitational constant. The first measurement in the 1770s Schiehallion experiment resulted in a value about 20% too low. The Cavendish experiment of 1798 found the correct value within 1%.

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