how do the structures of the nucleotides in a dna molecule differ from one another?

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Ennaouy9244 Ennaouy9244

16-12-2022
Biology

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how do the structures of the nucleotides in a dna molecule differ from one another?

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rathipushpendra345 rathipushpendra345 · Answer 1 · 2022-12-21T03:24:06-05:00

Variations in the structure of the nitrogenous base account for the nucleotides' distinctiveness.

Each DNA nucleotide is composed of a sugar molecule called deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

The two differences between DNA and RNA are (a) the presence of the sugar ribose in RNA vs the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a kind of ribose minus one oxygen atom) in DNA, and (b) the presence of the nucleobase uracil in RNA versus thymine in DNA. Only their nitrogen-containing bases are different.

A nucleotide's name is based on how many phosphate residues it contains. For instance, the nucleotide with the name adenosine triphosphate contains three phosphate residues in addition to the adenine base (ATP). If it has two phosphates, adenosine diphosphate would be the nucleotide (ADP). The arrangement of these tiny molecules is the single thing that distinguishes one person from another.

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