Answer :
The velocity of the astronout, weighted of 60kg, is 0.5m/s to the left when a wrench he throwed moves to the right.
To solve this problem we will use the Conservation of Momentum theory. Conservation of momentum stated that the total momentum in a system remains constant without any external forces.
From the case, we know that:
m1 = 60kg
m2 = 3kg
v1 = v2 = 0m/s
v2' = 10m/s to the right
v1' ?
Using the conservation of momentum concept, we know that the astronaut's velocity is:
ΔP = ΔP'
m1.v1 + m2.v2 = m1.v1' + m2.v2'
60(0) + 3(0) = 60.v1' + 3(10)
0 = 60.v1' + 30
v1' = -0.5m/s
v1' = 0.5m/s to the left (opposite of the wrench's direction)
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