The statement 'Jamal does not show it in the model, but if any of the sugars that he eats are fully oxidized in cellular respiration, the carbons will return to the atmosphere as CO2 rather than go to his brain' is true.
In the field of biology, cellular respiration can be described as a process in which oxidation of sugars takes place in order to release energy in the form of ATP. This ATP that is produced is used by the cells for performing cellular functions.
The carbons that are present in the sugar are converted into carbon dioxide and released back into the atmosphere when a person breathes out air. These carbons are not utilized by the brain in any form. Hence, the statement above is true.
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