Answer :
It is possible for a central atom to have trigonal bipyramidal, seesaw, t-shaped, or linear geometries if it has five electron pairs (single bonds and/or lone pairs of electrons).
When there are 5 bonds and 0 lone pairs, the trigonal bipyramidal, or TBP, is present (right). The axial and equitorial areas of bonds are two distinct bonding zones in TBPs. While the three equitorial bonds were located on the molecule's "equator," the two axial bonds were located along the axis. While the three equitorial bonds have a bond angle of 120, the two axial bonds have a bond angle of 90. When there are 4 bonds and 1 lone pair, the See-Saw geometry which has a resemblance to a see-saw occurs (left). The see-saw has equitorial and axial sections, just as the TBP.There are 3 bonds and 2 lone pairs when the T-Shaped geometry is present (right). Due to the additional repulsion from the lone pairs, the bond angles between all of the bonds are just under 90 degrees. Where the other two equitorial linkages would typically be, the lone pairs are present.The linear geometry is the final geometry for this quantity of electron pairs. This geometry appears to be identical to the other linear geometries when there are 2 bonds and 3 lone pairs. The two bonds have a 180 degree bond angle.
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