In economic terms, the scenario given is an example of units of account. (Option D).
The unit of account is one of money's roles in economics. A unit of account, or common numerical monetary unit, is used to measure the market value of goods, services, and other transactions.
Since money is used as a means of exchange for buying and selling as well as a value indicator for many different goods and services, it can be employed as a unit of account. That suggests that money has the capacity to keep track of how an object's value evolves over time and via various transactions.
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