The lithosphere of the Earth's plates can move on its surface throughout time thanks to plate tectonics.
In general, plate tectonics alters ocean currents, which increases heat production. Volcanic eruptions caused by the shifting of these tectonic plates raise atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). This is what causes the global temperature to increase. Over the course of geological time, this led to numerous distinct continent shapes as well as plate-boundary interactions that caused volcanism and the development of mountain ranges. Because different types of Earth surfaces reflect different amounts of the energy that we receive from the sun, this has an impact on climate. We refer to the reflection as albedo. Open ocean is less reflective than land surfaces, yet some land surfaces reflect light better than others.
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