Penelope is terrified of putting herself in a situation in which help might not be available or escape might be difficult or embarrassing. This fear is so debilitating that she will often confine herself to her apartment for days at a time. Based on this information, what is most likely Penelope's diagnosis?

a. social phobia
b. social anxiety disorder
c. agoraphobia
d. panic disorder

A specific kind of anxiety disorder is a phobia. It is a strong, unreasonable aversion to something that is neither dangerous nor even remotely dangerous. There are several distinct phobias. Fear of heights is known as acrophobia. The tallest mountains in the world may be skiable, but you may not be able to get past the fifth story of an office building. A fear of open spaces is known as agoraphobia, whereas a fear of enclosed spaces is known as claustrophobia. You may have a social phobia if you experience anxiety and severe self-consciousness in routine social encounters. Other prevalent phobias are those of blood, flying, animals, water, highways, and tunnels.

What are the signs of phobia and how is it treated?

Phobia sufferers make an effort to avoid their fears. If they can't, they might go through:

Anxiety and panic
a quick heartbeat
breathing difficulty
Trembling
a burning urge to leave

Most phobia sufferers find relief via treatment. Options include either therapy, medication, or both.

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