When Congress passes appropriations laws, tax laws, and authorizations, it does so after reviewing the President's proposal and adopting a budget resolution that outlines its own spending and revenue priorities.
The statutes establishing entitlement programs and the appropriations laws provide the federal government and its agencies the legal right to commit and spend money.
Every appropriations bill imposes legally obligatory spending caps for the Federal programs it funds, and every law establishing an entitlement program, like Medicare, lays out and requires the justifications for and scope of governmental expenditure.
The four stages of the federal budgeting process include budget development, legislative budgeting, budget implementation and control, and audit and assessment.
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