Answer :

There are 18 valence electrons in total, and eight of them are used to create the four sigma covalent bonds in HCOOH ([tex]CH_{2}O_{2}[/tex]). Lewis structure is given below.

There are 18 valence electrons in the Lewis structure of HCOOH. Eight bonding electrons from them create four sigma covalent bonds in the Lewis structure of HCOOH. The last 10 electrons are non-bonding electrons that are located on the two oxygen atoms of the Lewis structure of HCOOH. Five of the ten non-bonding electrons on the HCOOH Lewis structure, which is supported by two oxygen atoms, are lone pair electrons. There are three lone pair electrons on one oxygen atom and two on another oxygen atom. As a result, there are five lone electron pairs altogether in the HCOOH Lewis structure.

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