Cesium-134, cesium-137, and iodine-131. According to UNSCEAR, iodine-131 has a half-life of only eight days, yet it is quickly inhaled through the air and has a tendency to concentrate in the thyroid gland.
A low-power test on the Chernobyl nuclear reactor power plant's Number Four RBMK reactor went awry on April 26, 1986, resulting in an explosion and fire that destroyed the reactor building and spilled a significant amount of radioactivity into the atmosphere.
After the SCRAM began, there was a significant power increase that caused the core to overheat. A few seconds later, this overheating led to the initial explosion. Several of the fuel rods cracked and became obstructed.
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