A biology student is reading research articles about the effects of various feedback mechanisms on the human body. Based on commonly accepted scientific theories and models, Which of the following is an example of a correct prediction of a positive regulatory feedback mechanism?
a. The circulatory system responds to an elevated blood pressure, reflexively causing the heart rate to decrease.
b. The digestive system normally secretes the inactive enzyme pepsinogen. When a person eats, the pepsinogen is converted into the digestive enzyme pepsin.
c. The respiratory system sends nerve impulses to increase breathing rate during periods of high stress, which can produce additional stress due to a feeling of loss of breath.
d. The endocrine system measures the level of blood testosterone. High levels of the hormone will signal the hypothalamus to stop the production of other hormones like GnRH and LH.

Positive regulatory feedback mechanism is a type of feedback loop in the body which occurs when the output of a process stimulates the same process to further increase the output. For example, during exercise, the body produces adrenaline which stimulates the heart to beat faster and also increases the production of adrenaline. This creates a positive feedback loop, as the increased adrenaline stimulates the heart to beat faster, which in turn increases the production of adrenaline. This mechanism ensures that the body continues to produce the necessary hormones and other substances to sustain the activity. In other words, positive regulatory feedback mechanism is the body's way of ensuring that the body maintains its equilibrium and is able to carry out its activities without any disruption.

The chemical pepsin is used by the stomach to digest proteins. It starts by secreting an enzyme called pepsinogen, which is inactive. When food is consumed and the body needs to digest it, pepsinogen is converted into pepsin. The process of turning more pepsinogen molecules inside the stomach into pepsin triggers a positive feedback loop, allowing the stomach to produce enough of the protease to break down proteins.

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