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a sodium cation is than a sodium atom. a phosphorus anion is than a phosphorus atom. a magnesium ion is than a sodium ion. a chlorine ion is than a phosphorus ion. a potassium ion is than a sodium ion.



Answer :

The following conclusions can be drawn from using the periodic table to compare the sizes of ionic radii to the equivalent atomic radii or other ionic radii.

  • Compared to sodium atoms, sodium cations are smaller.
  • An anion of phosphorus is bigger than an atom of phosphorus.
  • Compared to sodium ions, magnesium ions are smaller.
  • In comparison to phosphorus, chlorine is a smaller ion.
  • Compared to sodium ions, potassium ions are bigger.

The nuclear pull is greater for the magnesium atom since it has a higher atomic number than sodium but the same number of shells. Its size is therefore smaller than sodium's. When an electron is added to an atom to form an anion, the new electron repels other electrons, increasing the size of the ion. This is why phosphorus ions are larger than phosphorus atoms.

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