In an insightful experiment performed in the 1960 s, chloroplasts were first soaked in an acidic solution at pH4 so that the stroma and thylakoid space became acidified (Figure Q!4-17). They were then transferred to a basic solution (Ph8). This quickly increased the pH of the stroma to 8 while the thylakoid space temporarily remained at pH4 A burst of ATP synthesis was observed, and the pH difference between the thylakoid and the stroma then disappeared.
A. Explain why these conditions lead to ATP synthesis.
B. Is light needed for the experiment to work?
C. What would happen if the solutions were switched so that the first incubation is in the pH 8 solution and the second one in the pH 4 solution?
D. Does the experiment support or question the chemiosmotic model?
Explain your answers.

Question

09-12-2022
Biology

Answered

In an insightful experiment performed in the 1960 s, chloroplasts were first soaked in an acidic solution at pH4 so that the stroma and thylakoid space became acidified (Figure Q!4-17). They were then transferred to a basic solution (Ph8). This quickly increased the pH of the stroma to 8 while the thylakoid space temporarily remained at pH4 A burst of ATP synthesis was observed, and the pH difference between the thylakoid and the stroma then disappeared.
A. Explain why these conditions lead to ATP synthesis.
B. Is light needed for the experiment to work?
C. What would happen if the solutions were switched so that the first incubation is in the pH 8 solution and the second one in the pH 4 solution?
D. Does the experiment support or question the chemiosmotic model?
Explain your answers.

Answer :

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AakanshaC AakanshaC · Answer 1 · 2022-12-16T05:00:12-05:00

Chloroplasts and cyanobacteria contain membrane-bound compartments called thylakoids. They serve as the location of the photosynthetic reactions that depend on light. A thylakoid membrane surrounds a thylakoid lumen in thylakoids.

Chlorophyll pigments are present in bundles called quantasomes in thylakoid membranes. Between 230 to 250 chlorophyll molecules make up each quantasome.

The light-dependent photosynthesis reactions take place on the thylakoid membrane, where the photosynthetic pigments are physically incorporated into the membrane. It is made up of 1 nanometer-wide bands of light and dark material that alternate. The inner chloroplast membrane and prokaryotic membranes both share characteristics with the lipid bilayer that makes up the thylakoid cell.

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