Answer :
The refraction of the sound waves caused the echo to occur.
What is an echo?
Walls and other solid objects, such as mountains and privacy fences, reflect acoustic waves. A break in the propagation medium can be used to explain why reflection occurs. When the reflection returns with enough magnitude and lag to be audible, this can be heard. Reverberation is the term used to describe an echo that has received several reflections from different surfaces.
If the delay is smaller than 1/10 of a second, the human ear cannot tell the difference between the echo and the original direct sound.
At a temperature of 25 °C, the sound speed in dry air is roughly 343 m/s.
As a result, for an echo to be audible to someone standing near the sound source, the reflecting object needs to be farther away than 17.2 meters. When two seconds pass between a sound and an echo, the reflecting item is 343 meters away. The most frequent natural locations for hearing echoes in nature are canyon walls or rock cliffs that face water. In comparison to the directly transmitted wave, the sound pressure level (SPL) of the echo is often measured in decibels (dB). Echoes may be advantageous (like sonar) or detrimental (as in telephone systems).
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