Answer :
In the given excerpt from ‘For the ERA’, the best summarization of the main idea is that fitness for a particular occupation should be determined by individual capabilities and pay should be equal regardless of sex. (Option B)
ERA stands for Equal Rights Amendments which is a proposed amendment to the US Constitution that nullify many state and federal laws that discriminate against women. The central principle of the amendment that sex should not determine the legal rights of men or women. In reference to the support for the ERA, the passage states that as a robust woman may be more appropriately suitable for a physical labor than a weak man, hence fitness for occupation should be determine based on individual capabilities and skills, and there should be equal rewards for equal work. Hence, the main idea of the passage is summarized most appropriately by the holistic statement given in option B.
Note: The question is incomplete. The complete question probably is: Read the excerpt from For the ERA. “It is obvious, I think, that a robust woman could be more fit for physical labor than a weak man. The choice of occupation would be determined by individual capabilities, and the rewards for equal work should be equal”. Which best summarizes the excerpt's main ideas? A) Isn't it obvious that some women are stronger and more fit for certain jobs than some smaller, weaker men, and thus they should be paid the same amount? B) Fitness for a particular occupation should be determined by individual capabilities and pay should be equal regardless of sex. C) Women who are more capable than men for certain jobs should be given the opportunity to train for those jobs and should be paid the same as men are. D) Both sexes can develop physical characteristics that make them fit for physical labor, and everyone deserves fair pay for a good day's work.
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