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Two curves are orthogonal if their tangent lines are perpendicular at each point of intersection. Are the given families of curves orthogonal trajectories of each other? That is, is every curve in one family orthogonal to every curve in the other family? x^2 + y^2 = ax
x^2 + y^2 = by



Answer :

Yes, the given curves are orthogonal.

What is orthogonal trajectory?

In mathematics, an orthogonal trajectory is a curve, which intersects any curve of a given pencil of (planar) curves orthogonally.

Given equation is,

x²+y²=ax

Differentiating,

2x+2yy'=a

y' = (a-2x)/2y = m1

Again,

x²+y²=by

Differentiating,

2x+2yy'=by'

y' = -2x/(2y-b) = m2

For both curves are orthogonal, we have

m1*m2 = -1

(a-2x)/2y*-2x/(2y-b)  = -1

-2ax+4x² = -4y²+2yb

4(x²+y²) = 2ax+2yb

Since, ax = (x²+y²)

by = (x²+y²)

Then,

4(x²+y²) = 2(x²+y²) +2(x²+y²)

4(x²+y²) = 4(x²+y²)      (true)

Hence, the above response is appropriate.

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