A lineage that diverges from all other members of its group early in the evolutionary history of the group is described as a Basal taxon in a phylogenetic tree.
The term "basal taxon" refers to a lineage that splits off from the rest of its group early in the group's history. As a result, one of the two branches that diverge close to the group's common ancestor is where a basal taxon can be found. An assumed ancestor species from the stem line, as opposed to a terminal taxon, is what is meant by a "basal taxon." The term "basal" should never be used in any other context.
A rooted tree's branching reveals evolutionary connections. A split's so-called branch point denotes the place where a single lineage changed into a distinctive new one. The term "basal taxon" refers to an unbranched lineage that first formed from the root.
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