Answer :
When cells enter S phase with Ultraviolet-induced DNA lesions, the replicative DNA polymerases stall at the lesion.
How does UV light cause mutation in DNA?
Ultraviolet radiation damages DNA in an oxygen dependent manner that is present photosensitization which leads to the production of a free radical which interacts with it and oxidizes DNA bases. These oxidized bases don't pair correctly during the process of replication that results in mutations. Ultraviolet radiation causes various types damages to DNA which leads to specific type of mutations and the emergence of skin cancer in humans that often decades after initial exposure. Different Ultraviolet wavelengths cause the formation of prominent Ultraviolet induced DNA lesions.
When cells enter S phase with Ultraviolet-induced DNA lesions, replicative DNA polymerases stall at the lesion. To resume DNA replication, repriming occurs downstream of the lesion. The resulting DNA gap will be filled by TLS polymerases that can synthesize DNA across the lesion but may incorporate mutations.
So we can conclude that the replicative DNA polymerases stall at the lesion, when cells enter S phase with Ultraviolet-induced DNA lesions.
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