Transcription and translation are the processes by which DNA is converted into RNA and used to make proteins, respectively.
Transcription is the process through which DNA's genetic material, deoxyribonucleic acid, is transformed into RNA's, ribonucleic acid. Proteins are encoded by this RNA molecule. When RNA polymerase binds to the precise DNA sequence known as the promoter, transcription can begin.
To create an RNA molecule, the DNA sequence of a gene must be copied. RNA polymerases, which join nucleotides to create an RNA strand, carry out transcription (using a DNA strand as a template). Initiation, elongation, and termination are the three phases of transcription.
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