The pericarp, often known as the fruit cover, is made up of both full and unfinished layers. At maturity, the pericarp of all cereal grains is dry and primarily made up of empty cells. It supports and protects the developing endosperm and embryo throughout development. The inner epidermis is the pericarp's deepest layer.
The pericarp's layers each have a specific function in preserving and distributing the fruit's seeds. Some plants lack the fleshy mesocarp layer in their pericarp, including beans and sunflowers. Since they usually dry out and split open to release their seeds, these are regarded as dry fruit.
Fruit pericarp primarily aids in the protection and seed dissemination processes.
Seed Dispersal
The smell and variety of colors of the pericarp greatly aid in the dissemination of seeds. Fruits can be both dry and fleshy, and as a result, different seed dispersal media are used.
Protection of Seed
The periplasm, which is the innermost layer, is crucial for seed nourishment during developmental phases in addition to seed distribution. We are aware that an endocarp is situated closest to the seed and is attached to the ovary's placental layer by an umbilical structure (funiculus).
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