Answer :
The electric field strength at the points is 31.25 N/c.
Calculation:-
Dipole moment of the dipole, p = q*L
= 1*10^-9*3*10^-3
= 3*10^-12 C.m
A. at (x,y) = (12.0 cm, 0 cm)
so, at 12 cm on the x-axis
Electric filed due to dipole on its axis,
E = 2*k*p/r^3
= 2*9*10^9*3*10^-12/0.12^3
= 31.25 N/c
B) at (x,y) = (0 cm, 12.0 cm)
so, at 12cm on the y-axis.
Electric filed due to dipole on the equatorial line:
E = k*p/r^3
= 9*10^9*3*10^-12/0.12^3
= 15.625 N/c
The field is strongest where the lines are most dense. The electric field lines converge towards charge 1 and away from charge 2. That is, charge 1 is negative, and charges 2 is positive. The electric field strength is location dependent and its magnitude decreases with increasing distance from the location to the source.
Also, whatever factor causes the distance to change the electric field strength will change in inverse proportion to the square of the factor. At the midpoint of the charge, the potential due to the charge is zero, but the electric field due to the charge at the same point is non-zero. The electric field is the gradient of the potential. If equipotential lines are close together, the potential changes by the same amount over a short distance.
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