Answer :
Imagine a bunch of 12-year cicadas along with some 13-year cicadas. Assume this is the exact moment where predators are around.
Both groups face predators no matter their age. For the next cycle, 13-years cicadas will be 15, and 12-years cicadas will be 14 and they will face predators just the same.
So, once they are grown-up cicadas, they face the dangers in the same way at the same frequency.
Now analyze their whole lifetime. Today a new cicada was born and the next cycle of predators will be 2 years from now. Next year a new cicada will be born and the next cycle is only one year ahead.
This means that the next cycle of predators finds the older cicada for the first time and also for the new cicada. And for the rest of their lifetimes, no relative advantage is found for either of them, with the possible exception that older cicadas may be more prepared to avoid the danger.
So my best answer is NO.