Answer :

1) The pair of numbers (20, 20)

2) The pair of numbers (6, 9)

Explanation:

1) To find two numbers that give a sum of a number and a product of another number, we need to find the factors of the number which gives the product

For 400, the factors = 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 20, 40, 50, 80, 100, 200, 400

1 × 400 (sum: 1 + 400 = 401)

2 × 200 (sum: 2 + 200 = 202)

4 × 100 (sum: 4 + 100 = 104)

5 × 80 (sum: 5 + 80 = 85)

8 × 50 (sum: 8 + 50 = 58)

10 × 40 (sum: 10 + 40 = 50)

20 × 20 (sum: 20 + 20 = 40)

from the above, the numbers which wil give a product of 400 and a sum of 40 is 20

Reason: 20 × 20 = 400

20 + 20 = 40

The pair of numbers (20, 20)

2) Factors of 54: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18, 27, 54

1 ×54 (sum: 1 + 54 = 55)

2 × 27 (sum: 2 + 27 = 29)

3 × 18 (sum: 3 + 18 = 21)

6 × 9 (sum: 6 + 9 = 15)

The pair of numbers (6, 9)2