Given :
[tex]\begin{gathered} P=5.4\cdot10^8 \\ Q=6.0\cdot10^8 \\ R=3.0\cdot10^5 \end{gathered}[/tex]the combined total population of countries P and Q will be :
[tex]\begin{gathered} P+Q=5.4\cdot10^8+6\cdot10^8 \\ P+Q=(5.4+6)\cdot10^8 \\ P+Q=11.4\cdot10^8 \\ \\ P+Q=1.14\cdot10^9 \end{gathered}[/tex]So, the answer will be = 1.14 x 10^9