The rule of nines is a useful tool used to estimate the percentage of the body surface area (divided) in multiple of 9 that is affected by burn injury.
Rule of nines is an effective method of to estimate the burn size quickly by dividing the surface area of the body into percentages. The surface area is divided such that percentage are estimated as multiple of nine, hence the name. For instance, the front and back of the head and neck equals 9% of the body’s surface area, the both front and back of the leg equals 9%, so forth. Hence, if both legs (front and back) and front chest are burned, it can be determined quickly that that 45% (18% x2 + 9%) of the body surface area is burned. The method is helpful in timely determining and guiding treatment decisions including fluid resuscitation and is used as the guidelines to determine transfer to a burn unit.
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