a semiconductor product consists of three layers. suppose that the variances in thickness of the first, second, and third layers are 25, 40, and 30 nanometers, respectively, and the layer thicknesses are independent. what is the standard deviation of the thickness of the final product? answer to two digits after decimal place.



Answer :

Qwdog

The standard deviation of the thickness of layer 1 = 15.81 x 10⁻⁵ m

                                                                       layer 2 = 20 x 10⁻⁵m

                                                                       layer 3 = 17.32 x 10⁻⁵ m

The variance of the thickness of the three layers is 25,40 and 30 in nanometers

Let v₁, v₂, v₃ be the variance of the three layers of thickness.

Then, the standard deviation of the thickness of these layers can be found using the formula

                             v = σ²

Let us re-write this equation in order to find the standard deviation,

                             σ = √v

where v is the variance and

          σ is the standard deviation

The standard deviation of layer 1 is

                          σ₁ = √v₁

                              = √(25 x 10⁻⁹)

                              = √(250 x 10⁻¹⁰)

                              = 15.81 x 10⁻⁵

The standard deviation of layer 2 is

                            σ₂ = √v₂

                                 = √(40 x 10⁻⁹)

                                 = √(400 x  10⁻¹⁰)

                                 = 20 x 10⁻⁵

The standard deviation of layer 3 is

                             σ₃ = √v₃

                                  = √(30 x  10⁻⁹)

                                  = √(300 x 10⁻¹⁰)

                                  = 17.32 x 10⁻⁵

Therefore, the standard deviation is 15.81 x 10⁻⁵m , 20 x 10⁻⁵ m, 17.32 x 10⁻⁵m

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