Answer :
Helicobacter pylori produces urease, an enzyme that is capable of neutralizing the harsh environment of the stomach. most microbes are unable to grow here but h. pylori can because it is a Neutrophile.
Helicobacter pylori is usually a Neutrophile i.e it loves to survive in conditions that are near neutral. Most bacteria infecting humans are neutrophiles.
What is Helicobacter pylori?
It is a gram-negative spiral rod, motile by a unipolar tuft of lophotrichous flagella. It grows on chocolate agar or campylobacter media under microaerophilic conditions, with 5-20% CO2 and pH 6-7. The Helicobacter pylori bacteria are present only in the overlying mucus and do not invade the mucosa. This habitat protects them from the acidic pH of the stomach. They also produce abundant urease enzyme which elevates the periplasmic pH. Hence, Helicobacter pylori thrives best in near neutral pH.
They grow best between pH 6-8. Though they can survive under pH 6, but growth wouldn't be possible, only survival will occur. Hence, they are Neutrophile.
Option A (Alkalinophile) is incorrect. Alkalinophiles are bacteria that grow best in alkaline pH. They grow best in pH above 9 (Example: Bacillus). Suitable pH might be as high as 12-13. Helicobacter pylori is not an alkalinophile. It grows best in near neutral pH. Hence, this option is incorrect.
Option B (Acidophile) is incorrect. Acidophiles are bacteria that thrive best in highly acidic conditions.
Hence Option c. Neutophile is the correct answer.
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