how does different constitutional responsibilities of the house and senate affect the policy-making process even though both chambers rely on committees to conduct hearings and debate bills under consideration?



Answer :

The House and Senate have different constitutional responsibilities which affect the policy-making process. The Senate is responsible for ratifying treaties and confirming presidential appointments, while the House is responsible for originating revenue bills.

What is policy-making process?
Typically, the policy-making process is thought of as consisting of distinct phases or steps. There are six of them: problem emergence, agenda setting, consideration of policy options, decision-making, decision-making process, implementation, and evaluation (Jordan and Adelle, 2012). This "textbook" view of policy states that environmental organisations must first put a specific issue on the agenda so that decision-makers can discuss it and, if possible, take it into consideration. The policy is then created and given to admin staff for implementation after policymakers decide on the best course of action based on expert advice. This stage-based approach to policymaking highlights the fact that it is a process involving numerous government agencies. However, in reality, policy concerns are interconnected, and decision-makers scramble to find solutions while dealing with a great deal of uncertainty and multiple internal and external constraints.

This can affect the policy-making process because the Senate may be more likely to ratify a treaty if it is supported by the House, and the House may be more likely to pass a revenue bill if it is supported by the Senate.

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