The amino acid residues present at the interface between lipid and water in membrane proteins are Lysine (Lys) and Arginine (Arg).
Lysine and Arginine are made up of long Aliphatic side chains having groups containing positive charges at the end.
In many membrane proteins, the hydrophobic region of the bilayer and the aliphatic chain of Lys or Arg bind together, with the positively charged amino or guanidinium groups to form an association with the negatively charged phosphate groups. Snorkeling is the name given to this action in which the side chain is pointing upward from the membrane core.
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