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take the mass of the earth to be 5.974x1024 kg, the mass of the sun to be 1.989x1030 kg, the radius of the earth to be 6.378x106 m, and the distance from the (surface of the) earth to the (center of the) sun to be 1.49x1011 m. what is the gravitational force of the sun on the earth? enter your answer to three significant figures.



Answer :

The magnitude of the Gravitational Force between the Sun and The earth is nearly 3.557 x 10²² Newtons.

The total gravitational force between two objects is given by the formula,

F = GMm/R²

G is the universal gravitational constant and it's value is 6.67408x10⁻¹¹

M is the mass of one body,

m is the mass of the other body,

R is the centre to centre distance between the two objects,

Here,

Mass of sun is 1.989x10³⁰ kg and the mass of earth is 5.974x10²⁴.

The centre to centre distance R of sun and earth  = (Radius of earth + distance between the sun's centre and earth's surface)

So,

R = (1.49x10¹¹ + 6.378x10⁶)m

Now, putting all the values in the formula,

F = (6.67408x10⁻¹¹)(1.989x10³⁰)(5.974x10²⁴)/(1.49x10¹¹ + 6.378x10⁶)²

Solving further,

F = 3.557 x 10²²N

So, the gravitational force between sun and earth is 3.557 x 10²²N.

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