The ritornello meaning return, or refrain, played by the orchestra would alternate with solo sections for the featured player to show off their skills. Listening to the first movement of Spring, you'll hear this alternation five time, with a final ritornello to finish the piece.
Each of the four seasons spring, summer, autumn, and winter in this Baroque piece has three movements that follow an allegro-adagio-allegro or fast-slow-fast pattern, expertly demonstrating the cyclical nature of the seasons.
Vivaldi's music was significant because he taught many young students who later popularized his techniques, his rhythm concepts are still used by many composers today, ritornello is still used in concertos, and his music helped to bridge the gap between Baroque and Romantic music.
In the first episode, the solo instruments perform bird-like effects such as repeated notes, running scales, and (trills). Vivaldi does not repeat the entire ritornello heard at the beginning of the movement in the second ritornello after the bird episode.
Learn more about Vivaldi's music here:
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