In your own words, describe the structures in and the functions of the respiratory system. Include the major organs and how they work within the body system. What are the symptoms of a failure of this body system?

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22-09-2022
Medicine

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In your own words, describe the structures in and the functions of the respiratory system. Include the major organs and how they work within the body system. What are the symptoms of a failure of this body system?

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Tutorconsortium326 Tutorconsortium326 · Answer 1 · 2022-10-02T05:51:25-04:00

Respiratory failure can also develop slowly, it is called chronic respiratory failure. Symptoms of the respiratory system include shortness of breath or feeling like you can't get enough air, extreme tiredness, an inability to exercise as you did before, and sleepiness.

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

The respiratory tract, which is made up of the organs of the respiratory system, is a continuous network of channels through which air enters and exits the body. The upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract are the two primary divisions of the respiratory system. Along with these organs, some thoracic muscles (the bodily cavity that fills the chest) play a role in respiration by facilitating breathing. The diaphragm, a sizable muscle that separates the thorax from the abdomen and is located behind the lungs, is the most significant. Breathing is also aided by the smaller muscles located between the ribs. The notion of breathing has more information on breathing muscles.

Above and behind the nose in the center of the face, the nasal cavity is a sizable, air-filled region in the skull. It carries on from the two nostrils. Inhaled air is warmed and moistened as it passes through the nasal cavity. Prior to entering the respiratory tract further, hairs in the nose assist capture bigger foreign particles in the air.

The nasal cavity, the rear of the mouth, and other tissues lower in the throat, including the larynx, are connected by a tube-like structure called the pharynx. The pharynx serves two purposes: it allows the passage of food and air, making it a component of both the respiratory and digestive systems.

The larynx facilitates the passage of air through the respiratory system by joining the pharynx and trachea. Because it houses the vocal chords, which vibrate when air passes over them and produce sound, the larynx is also known as the voice box.

The largest respiratory tract passageway is the trachea, sometimes known as the windpipe. Its dimensions are 2.5 cm (1 in) in width and 10-15 cm (4-6 in) in length. It is relatively robust and sturdy due to the cartilage rings that create its structure.

The right and left bronchi are the two primary bronchial tubes, or bronchi (plural, bronchus). The bronchi are the airways that connect the lungs and trachea. Each bronchus divides into a smaller secondary bronchus, which in turn divides into a smaller tertiary bronchus. The smallest bronchi branch into bronchioles, which are incredibly tiny tubules. The smallest bronchioles terminate in alveolar ducts, which lead to collections of microscopic air sacs in the lungs known as alveoli (plural, alveolus).

A summary on their working is as follows:

For an organism to survive, the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood must be kept within a specific range. Without oxygen, cells cannot last very long, and too much carbon dioxide in the blood causes the blood to become dangerously acidic (pH is too low). On the other hand, if the blood has too little carbon dioxide, it becomes excessively basic (pH is too high). To keep blood gases and pH in balance, the neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems collaborate closely.

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