Let’s model the inheritance of a genetic trait, for example eye color. Every individual has a
pair of chromosomes for eye color, and an offspring gets one chromosome from each parent.
Say a represents a brown-eye gene, and b represents a blue-eye gene, and that brown is
dominant (meaning the eye will be brown if the individual carries at least one a gene, and
only bb pair will result in blue eyes). The order in the pair does not matter. We also know
that throughout the population, the probability that a randomly chosen eye-color gene is a
is given by p (so P{b} = 1 − p), and that mate selection is independent of eye color. How
can we model the gene passage from a parent to a child using Markov Chain? Please specify
states and transition probabilities.