Answer :
Answer:
An El Niño reduces the upwelling of cold water off the coast of the Americas. When this happens, fish either die or migrate into areas where they'll find more to eat. With the fish gone, sea birds that depend on them may die or go elsewhere. Kelp forests are often destroyed by storms and ocean swells. In non-El Niño years, upwelling of deep, cold ocean water brings up nutrients that lie near the bottom. Fish living in the upper waters feed plankton that are dependent on these nutrients. Kelp forests also depend on cool, nutrient-rich water for survival and growth. An El Niño reduces the upwelling of cold water off the coast of the Americas. When this happens, fish either die or migrate into areas where they'll find more to eat. With the fish gone, sea birds that depend on them may die or go elsewhere. Kelp forests are often destroyed by storms and ocean swells.
Off California, fish populations may also be reduced. Marine mammals, such as seals and sea lions, that feed on fish may be affected. Californians may see an increase in dead and live strandings of seals and sea lions along the coast, and poor seal and sea lion pup survival at island breeding sites. However, despite the increased number of deaths of marine mammals during an El Niño, scientists report the long-term growth rate for California sea lions and harbor seals to be 6 to 10 percent annually. An occasional increase in strandings or deaths of these animals is not a threat to their overall population.
Source: wildlife.ca.gov
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