The nurse is teaching the family of a child, age 8 years, with moderate hemophilia about home care. The nurse should tell the family what to do to stop the bleeding by providing an intravenous (IV) infusion of factor VIII concentrates.
Hemophilia is caused by mutations or alterations in one of the genes that direct the production of the clotting factor proteins needed to form blood clots. This change or mutation can cause the coagulation protein to malfunction or not exist at all. These genes are on the X chromosome.
The two most common types of hemophilia are factor VIII deficiency (hemophilia A) and factor IX deficiency (hemophilia B or Christmas disease). Hemophilia A and hemophilia B are genetic disorders and are considered rare diseases by the National Institutes of Health.
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