Collectively, intercellular spaces and cell walls comprise the parenchyma of the plant.
What is parenchyma?
Parenchyma is a type of simple permanent tissue that makes a major part of ground tissues in plants, where other tissues like vascular tissues are embedded.
They are non-vascular and composed of simple, living and undifferentiated cells, which are modified to perform various functions.
Structure of parenchyma
- It is a living cell
- It has a prominent nucleus and protoplast
- The cells of parenchyma are isodiametric or polyhedral in shape. They may be polygonal, oval, round or elongated
- These cells are closely packed or may have small intercellular space
- They are made up of thin cell wall made up of cellulose, hemicellulose
The main characteristics of parenchyma are:
- They are living permanent tissues that have the ability to divide at maturity and help in the regeneration and healing of wounds
- Parenchyma cells are the foundation of a plant as reproductive cells (spores, gametes) are parenchymatous in nature
- Single parenchyma cell of a zygote has an ability to develop into an entire plant. These cells are called “totipotent” cells
Parenchyma tissues perform various important functions:
- Storage
- Transport
- Photosynthesis
- Gas exchange
- Protection
- Totipotent
- Buoyancy
- Healing and regeneration
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