The British Orders-in-Council, which restricted American trade with Europe, and impressment, a system by which the Royal Navy forced American commercial ships to provide crews for its chronically undermanned warships, were the two main reasons of the 1812 war.
The revolutionary wars in France and the Napoleonic wars set the stage for the tensions that led to the War of 1812. The early success of American shipping can be attributed to shipments bound for the French and Spanish empires; nevertheless, the British countered the U.S. assertion that "free ships make free products" with the delayed application of the so-called Rule of 1756. (trade not permitted in peacetime would not be allowed in wartime). From 1793 to 1794, mainly in the Caribbean Sea, the Royal Navy did implement the legislation prior to the signing of the Jay Treaty (November 19, 1794). The main provisions of the treaty included the opening of the Mississippi River to free navigation by both countries, the extension of trading privileges to American maritime commerce in England and the British East Indies, and the British commitment to withdraw all remaining forts from the Northwest Territory by June 1, 1796.
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