First Base
U
C
Codons Found in Messenger RNA
Second Base
C
A
G
Ser Tyr
Cys
Ser Tyr
Cys
Ser Stop Stop
Ser Stop Trp
A
U
Phe
Phe
Leu
Leu
Leu
Leu
Leu
Leu
Pro His
Arg
Pro His
Arg
Pro Gln Arg
Pro Gln Arg
lle
Thr Asn
Ser
lle
Thr Asn
Ser
lle
Thr Lys Arg
Met(Start) Thr Lys Arg
Val
Val
Val
Val
Third Base
Ala Asp Gly
Ala Asp Gly
Ala Glu Gly
Ala Glu Gly
U
C
A
G
SCAG
U
с
SCAG
U
с
А
SCAG
U
с
А
During DNA replication, a mistake occurs in which a single letter is replaced with a different one. This is called a
substitution mutation, and it can occur in many types of cancer. Instead of the nitrogenous bases TAC, the DNA now
codes for GAC.
Part 1: Identify the sequence of complementary mRNA nucleotides for the original DNA, TAC, and the mutated DNA,
GAC.
Part 2: Use the codon table above to determine if this mutation in the DNA code will cause a change in the amino
acid. Explain your reasoning.
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